← the survey · confirmed composites · published sdB+dM · candidates · rejected · single stars
A system reaches this page only when the two-component SED fit made here keeps it: the companion improves the fit by more than the nested-χ² threshold, its temperature is inside the grid rather than against a bound, its radius is within a factor of the main-sequence radius at that temperature, and — the test added last — the excess is carried by at least two bands beyond 1 µm. One infrared point is not a shape: there is nothing to tell a companion from a single bad photometric value, and any T₂ matches one flux once R₂ floats, so R₂/RMS — the quantity that decides the case — is not a measurement either. Two systems that had been on this page, J07220+4032 and J20535−0136, rest on W1 alone and carry over 115 per cent of their own Δχ² in that one band; they are now on the candidates list. Systems other people call composites, and systems the classifier flags, are on the candidates page until the photometry agrees. The published sdB+dM binaries have their own page, because their companions are cooler than this method can reach.
Published is Culpan and the literature. Automatic is the rule-based classifier's own call, which is what the worklist column holds. The SED is fitted here, held at our own Bamberg profile fit, using photons neither of the others saw — which is why it can disagree with both.
| target | published | automatic | auto σ | S/N | T₂ [K] | R₁ | R₂ | R₂/RMS | Δχ² | IR σ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J01236+3002 | sdB | sdB | — | 59 | 5375 | 0.1792 | 0.6741 | 0.76 | 287.7 | +9.2 |
| J01263+0134 | — | sdO | — | 43 | 4000 | 0.1414 | 0.5210 | 0.95 | 33.8 | +3.9 |
| J01504-0942 | sdOB+MS | sdB+cool | 22.7 | 92 | 5375 | 0.1457 | 0.9540 | 1.08 | 847.7 | +14.2 |
| J03383-5758 | — | sdO | — | 22 | 4625 | 0.1193 | 0.4615 | 0.65 | 126.8 | +7.4 |
| J08449-0558 | — | sdO | — | 28 | 4500 | 0.0704 | 0.4624 | 0.68 | 180.0 | +7.5 |
| J09168+4347 | — | sdB | — | 59 | 3750 | 0.2940 | 0.8782 | 2.02 | 58.7 | +11.1 |
| J09510+0347 | sdB+WD | sdB+cool | 4.4 | 66 | 5000 | 0.1976 | 0.5751 | 0.73 | 341.8 | +10.1 |
| J10370-0244 | — | sdB | — | 61 | 5000 | 0.2475 | 0.6306 | 0.80 | 248.5 | +8.5 |
| J11162+0755 | — | sdB | — | 68 | 4500 | 0.3842 | 1.5147 | 2.23 | 477.0 | +11.1 |
| J12596-0039 | — | sdO | — | 61 | 6250 | 0.0986 | 0.7020 | 0.60 | 1396.1 | +13.8 |
| J17126+5625 | sdB | sdO+cool | 4.2 | 40 | 5125 | 0.1550 | 0.8249 | 1.01 | 323.5 | +11.0 |
| J18053-5430 | — | sdB | — | 27 | 5500 | 0.1795 | 0.8811 | 0.96 | 819.3 | +11.1 |
| J18431+4259 | sdB+WD | sdO | — | 28 | 4000 | 0.1706 | 0.7329 | 1.33 | 97.1 | +11.1 |
| J18461+1355 | — | sdO | — | 24 | 3625 | 0.1088 | 0.8471 | 2.14 | 147.6 | +13.9 |
| J19410-5246 | — | sdO | — | 26 | 4000 | 0.2363 | 0.7254 | 1.32 | 51.0 | +7.1 |
| J22265+5226 | — | sdO | — | 27 | 4000 | 0.1476 | 0.3764 | 0.68 | 29.2 | +5.0 |
| J22408+5437 | — | sdOB: | — | 29 | 4250 | 0.2185 | 0.5454 | 0.88 | 68.9 | +6.5 |
Every one of these is fainter than V = 15, the gate below which the photometry pipeline stops vouching for the infrared — and the infrared is the whole test. The BOSS baseline was selected on spectrum signal-to-noise and parallax, not on infrared depth, and at these magnitudes 2MASS is often past its own limit. Treat the detections as sound and the RADII as provisional: R₂ scales with the distance, and the parallaxes here are 12 to 19 per cent.
A hollow point was not fitted, and the tooltip now says why — a measurement the fit rejected and one the survey never had the depth to make look the same on the page but are not the same thing. Otherwise drawn the way the K2 sdB+MS systems are: the model against the photometry with the residual beneath it in units of the error, and the two components shown separately under their sum. The horizontal bar on each point is the passband, not an error. Drag a box to zoom; double-click or Esc to come back out.
published sdB · automatic sdB · T₂ 5375 K · R₁ 0.1792 R☉ · R₂ 0.6741 R☉ (0.76× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 287.7 · infrared excess +9.2σ on WISE:W1
V = 16.267 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 19%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 4000 K · R₁ 0.1414 R☉ · R₂ 0.5210 R☉ (0.95× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 33.8 · infrared excess +3.9σ on UKIDSS:H
V = 17.376 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 44%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published sdOB+MS · automatic sdB+cool · T₂ 5375 K · R₁ 0.1457 R☉ · R₂ 0.9540 R☉ (1.08× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 847.7 · infrared excess +14.2σ on VISTA:Ks
V = 16.027 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 12%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 4625 K · R₁ 0.1193 R☉ · R₂ 0.4615 R☉ (0.65× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 126.8 · infrared excess +7.4σ on WISE:W1
V = 16.409 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 9%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 4500 K · R₁ 0.0704 R☉ · R₂ 0.4624 R☉ (0.68× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 180.0 · infrared excess +7.5σ on VISTA:J
V = 17.003 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 19%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdB · T₂ 3750 K · R₁ 0.2940 R☉ · R₂ 0.8782 R☉ (2.02× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 58.7 · infrared excess +11.1σ on WISE:W1
V = 16.701 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 21%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published sdB+WD · automatic sdB+cool · T₂ 5000 K · R₁ 0.1976 R☉ · R₂ 0.5751 R☉ (0.73× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 341.8 · infrared excess +10.1σ on UKIDSS:K
V = 15.89 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 12%, and R2 scales with the distance.
THE METHOD WORKS HERE, and it is checkable against something the fit never saw. The two-component SED finds a cool companion at T2 = 4625 K, R2 = 0.663 Rsun -- 0.94 times the main-sequence radius at that temperature, which is as close to a real star as this test gets -- with dchi2 = 202 and a 10.1 sigma excess on UKIDSS K over 39 bands. Kupfer et al. (2015) classify the system as a HIERARCHICAL TRIPLE, so the cool component is independently established.
Against the published class. The published class in Culpan is sdB+WD, which the SED contradicts: a companion sitting on the main sequence at 4625 K is not a white dwarf. Roy, 2026-09-13: Culpan should have picked the triple up, but a table that size is hard to get perfect -- this is an omission in a catalogue, not a fault in the method.
Against the automatic class. The rule-based classifier called sdB+cool, which is right.
published - · automatic sdB · T₂ 5000 K · R₁ 0.2475 R☉ · R₂ 0.6306 R☉ (0.80× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 248.5 · infrared excess +8.5σ on VISTA:H
V = 16.491 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 21%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdB · T₂ 4500 K · R₁ 0.3842 R☉ · R₂ 1.5147 R☉ (2.23× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 477.0 · infrared excess +11.1σ on UKIDSS:K
V = 15.738 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 23%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 6250 K · R₁ 0.0986 R☉ · R₂ 0.7020 R☉ (0.60× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 1396.1 · infrared excess +13.8σ on VISTA:Ks
V = 16.853 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 28%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published sdB · automatic sdO+cool · T₂ 5125 K · R₁ 0.1550 R☉ · R₂ 0.8249 R☉ (1.01× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 323.5 · infrared excess +11.0σ on WISE:W1
V = 16.05 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 13%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdB · T₂ 5500 K · R₁ 0.1795 R☉ · R₂ 0.8811 R☉ (0.96× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 819.3 · infrared excess +11.1σ on VISTA:Ks
V = 16.402 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 16%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published sdB+WD · automatic sdO · T₂ 4000 K · R₁ 0.1706 R☉ · R₂ 0.7329 R☉ (1.33× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 97.1 · infrared excess +11.1σ on WISE:W1
V = 15.595 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 9%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 3625 K · R₁ 0.1088 R☉ · R₂ 0.8471 R☉ (2.14× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 147.6 · infrared excess +13.9σ on WISE:W1
V = 17.012 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 8%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 4000 K · R₁ 0.2363 R☉ · R₂ 0.7254 R☉ (1.32× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 51.0 · infrared excess +7.1σ on WISE:W1
V = 15.715 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 17%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdO · T₂ 4000 K · R₁ 0.1476 R☉ · R₂ 0.3764 R☉ (0.68× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 29.2 · infrared excess +5.0σ on WISE:W1
V = 15.2 is past the V<15 gate, so the infrared this detection rests on is NOT flagged trustworthy; parallax 4%, and R2 scales with the distance.
published - · automatic sdOB: · T₂ 4250 K · R₁ 0.2185 R☉ · R₂ 0.5454 R☉ (0.88× the main sequence at that temperature) · Δχ² 68.9 · infrared excess +6.5σ on WISE:W1
the companion TEMPERATURE is not measured -- the 3500 K floor is only dchi2 3.5 worse -- so R2 and R2/R_MS follow a temperature the data does not fix. The detection stands; the radius is provisional.